Houghton Mifflin Social Studies
Chapter 18, Lesson 2: Conflict and Conquest (pp. 533-540)
I. Policing the Hemisphere
B. President Hayes sent two warships into waters near Panama to prevent the French from building a canal there.
C. The United States invoked the Monroe Doctrine again to become involved in a border dispute between Venezuela and Great Britain.
II. Conflict with Spain
B. After rapid and decisive military victories, Spain was defeated and gave up Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States.
C. From 1899 to 1902, the United States fought with Filipinos to maintain control over the Philippines.
B. By encouraging Panamanians to declare independence from Columbia, the United States gained the right to build and operate a canal through Panama.
C. The United States used the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, which claimed the U.S. could interfere in the internal affairs of Latin American countries, to send troops into Haiti, Panama, Cuba, Nicaragua, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic.
B. Wilson also sent troops to Mexico in 1916 in response to raid by Pancho Villa, a revolutionary who opposed the government that the United States supported.
Lesson at a Glance Outline
A. The United States repeatedly used the Monroe Doctrine to challenge European nations that tried to establish claims in Latin America.
A. American journalists twisted the facts about Cubans' struggle for independence from Spain in order to gain support for declaring war on Spain in 1898.
III. Building the Panama Canal
A. President Roosevelt supported American businesses' desire to build a canal through Central America to increase access to Asian and Latin American markets.
IV. Tension with Mexico
A. Because President Wilson opposed Mexico's government, he used an incident with an American ship as an excuse to send troops to Mexico in 1914, which helped topple the Mexican government.
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