Houghton Mifflin Social Studies
Chapter 18, Lesson 1: International Expansion (pp. 528-532)
I. Justifying Expansion
B. Arguments based on Darwin's theory of evolution, that the strongest are meant to survive and dominate the weak, were used to justify U.S. expansion.
II. Planning for Expansion
B. One step in U.S. expansion was William Seward's purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867.
C. In the 1880s and 1890s, Congress authorized the creation of a fleet of big, modern battleships to support expansion.
B. In 1854, Commodore Matthew Perry convinced Japan to begin trading with the United States.
C. In 1882, The United States established its first trading agreement with Korea.
B. In 1893, American planters in Hawaii gained the support of the U.S. marines to force the Queen of Hawaii to give up her throne, and five years later the United States annexed Hawaii.
Lesson at a Glance Outline
A. In the decades after the Civil War, many Americans believed that the United States had a responsibility to bring progress to people in other, less "civilized" parts of the world.
A. American business leaders wanted to expand because the United States was producing more goods that it needed, but continued to need more raw materials.
III. Expanding Trade with Asia
A. The U.S. convinced European nations to accept an Open Door Policy with China, which meant that China would trade with all nations, not just European powers.
IV. Moving into the Pacific
A. In the 1860s and 1870s, the United States claimed the Midway Islands and the Samoan Islands in the Pacific, to gain "stepping stones" to trade in Asia.
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