Houghton Mifflin Social Studies
B. With Cordoba as its capital, Islamic Spain had a centralized government and a strong army to protect against Christians in the north and rival Islamic groups in the south
B. As the cultural and intellectual center of western Islam, Cordoba attracted Muslims and non-Muslims to its libraries and schools.
B. As the fighting continued, the Muslim government dissolved into factions, weakening the kingdom.
C. By 1492, the last of the Muslims were driven out of southern Spain by Ferdinand and Isabella.
Lesson at a Glance Outline
Chapter 4, Lesson 3: Islamic Spain (pp. 95-100)
I. The Return of the Umayyads
A. Although the Abbasids controlled most of the Islamic Empire, the Umayyads established an independent Islamic kingdom in Spain.
II. Glory of Cordoba
A. Under Umayyad rule, Cordoba became a thriving, modern cultural and economic center with a population of 200,000 people.
III. The Loss of Spain
A. In the late 1000s, Christian forces from around Europe joined Christian Spain to fight the Muslims.
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