Houghton Mifflin Social Studies
Chapter 18, Lesson 1: A New Order of Ideals (pp. 476-479)
I. Roots of the Enlightenment
B. The Enlightenment had its roots in humanism, which argued that people could improve their world by better understanding it.
II. European Philosophers
B. Voltaire was a spokesman for individual rights and religious tolerance.
C. Denis Diderot spread the ideas of the European thinkers who called themselves the philosophes.
B. Baron de Montesquieu argued for limited monarchies and three branches of government.
C. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that the people should directly participate in government.
Lesson at a Glance Outline
A. To some thinkers in the 1700s, reason was the key to understanding and improving the world.
A. In the 1600s and 1700s, European philosophers applied reason to social and political issues.
III. New Ideas about Government
A. John Locke believed that government was a contract between the people and their ruler.
Copyright © 1999 Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.