Houghton Mifflin Social Studies
Chapter 12, Lesson 2: The Peloponnesian War (pp. 369-373)
I. Athens and Sparta
B. A plague which killed many in Athens, including Pericles, and Sparta's yearly destruction of food supplies, greatly weakened Athens.
C. Still, it took 27 years of yearly battles, before Athens surrendered to Sparta in 404 B.C.
B. Socrates was an important teacher and philosopher challenged his students to examine their own beliefs by asking questions.
C. Athenian leaders believed Socrates was encouraging students to challenge government authority, so they tried him and sentenced him to die.
Lesson at a Glance Outline
A. Concerned about an increasingly powerful Athens, Sparta declared war in 431 B.C.
II. End of the Golden Age
A. After their defeat by Sparta, Athenian democracy was weakened.
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